Optical windows are transparent, and they have flat, polished surfaces. They are used to allow light to pass through while protecting sensitive optical elements from the environment. They are a critical component in many optical systems, such as cameras, telescopes, and lasers.
The key and important properties are optical transmission and mechanical strength. Optical transmission means their ability to transmit light without distortion or loss. The optical windows’ transmission is determined by their material, thickness, and surface quality. Their material can be chosen based on its optical properties, such as refractive index, dispersion, and absorption.
Mechanical strength means their ability to withstand external stresses and environmental factors, such as temperature changes and exposure to chemicals. The optical windows’ mechanical strength is determined by their material, thickness, and surface quality, as well as any coatings or treatments applied to the surface.
The optical windows material choice is very important. Because different materials have different optical and mechanical properties. Optical glass, Sapphire, Quartz, and plastic are all the common materials. Optical glass is popular because of its high optical transmission and mechanical strength, as well as its relatively low cost. In high-stress applications, as one hard and durable material, Sapphire is a good choice. In the ultraviolet region, Quartz has excellent optical transmission and is resistant to high temperatures and chemicals. As for plastic materials, such as acrylic and polycarbonate, they are lightweight and shatterproof. And it is ideal for impact resistance applications requirement.
Of course, exact and appropriate choice is decided by actual application and optical system.
Any inquiry on optical components, do not hesitate to contact me with sarah@toperoptics.com or wechat/mobile/whatsapp: +8613037626357. Thanks!