Optical Lenses
Convex Lens
Also known as Converging Lenses, thicker at the center than at the edges, and have a curved surface on at least one side. They can converge light rays that pass through them to a focal point.Depending on the position of the object relative to the lens, they can either magnify or reduce the size of the object. Besides, they can create both real and virtual images.
Convave Lens
Also known as Diverging Lenses, thinnest at their center and thickest at their edges, and heir surfaces curve inward, like the inside of a bowl. They can cause light rays to diverge or spread apart. This means that parallel rays of light that enter the lens will exit at an angle away from each other, and also causes the image to appear smaller and further away than it actually is. The image is also virtual, meaning that it cannot be projected onto a screen.
Meniscus Lens
Optical Meniscus lenses are lenses that are shaped like a convex-concave (positive-negative) lens. They are also known as “barrel lenses” or “concave-convex lenses”.The focal length of a meniscus lens depends on the curvature of both its convex and concave surfaces. The focal length can be positive or negative, depending on whether the lens is thicker at the center or at the edges.
Achromatic Lens
Achromatic lenses are made up of two or more lens elements with different refractive indices that are combined in such a way as to cancel out the chromatic aberration and result in clearer and sharper images.They are used in a wide range of optical applications, including microscopy, astronomy, and photography.